The -mIş tense is unique to Turkish. It is used when the speaker did not witness the action personally but heard about it from someone else or realized it later by its results.
💡 When to use it?
Hearsay: Reporting news or information told by others.
Late Realization: Discovering something you weren't aware of at the time (e.g., "Oh, I've run out of sugar!").
Stories & Myths: Narrating folk tales or jokes.
Personal Childhood: Events you don't remember yourself but were told about.
Conjugation Table (Verb: Gelmek - To Come):
The suffix follows 4-way vowel harmony ($mış, miş, muş, müş$).
Pronoun | Positive Form | Reported Meaning |
Ben | Gelmişim | (It seems) I came |
Sen | Gelmişsin | (I heard) you came |
O | Gelmiş | (They say) he/she came |
Biz | Gelmişiz | (Apparently) we came |
Siz | Gelmişsiniz | (I heard) you all came |
Onlar | Gelmişler | (They say) they came |
Practical Sentence Examples:
Uyuya kalmışım! (I just realized) I have fallen asleep!
Dün çok yağmur yağmış: (I heard or saw the puddles) It rained a lot yesterday.
Sınavı geçmişim: (I checked the results) I passed the exam.
Doktor buna çok şaşırmış: (My mom told me) The doctor was very surprised by this.